“专利蟑螂”之美国规制Regulation of “Patent Troll” in the United States
朱光琪;
摘要(Abstract):
基于专利权的排他性,专利制度的缺陷,专利侵权的后果而产生的"专利蟑螂"(patent troll)在美国引发了巨大的争议。"专利蟑螂"威胁到大量企业的生存,阻碍了创新,破坏市场竞争秩序,损害消费者利益。为了应对中国将来可能大规模出现的"专利蟑螂"的境况,也为在美国遭遇"专利蟑螂"的中国企业提供指导,文章借助美国专利制度改革、司法改革和竞争法等方面来探讨"专利蟑螂"之规制。
关键词(KeyWords): “专利蟑螂”;专利制度;司法改革;竞争法
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors): 朱光琪;
参考文献(References):
- [1]孙远钊.专利诉讼“蟑螂”为患?—美国应对“专利蟑螂”的研究分析与动向[J].法治研究,2014(1):74-84.
- [2]FTC seeks to examine patent assertion entities and their impact on innovation,competition[EB/OL].[2013-09-27].http://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2013/09/ftcseeks-examine-patent-assertion-entities-their-impact.
- [3]E.S.K.Ng.Patent trolling:innovation at risk[J].European Intellectual Property Review,2009,31(12):593-608.
- [4]Mark A.Lemley.Missing the forest for the trolls[EB/OL].[2013-03-23].http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2269087.
- [5]Jonathan H.Ashtor,Michael J.Mazzeo,Samantha Zyontz.Patents at issue:the data behind the patent troll debate[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://www.law.northwestern.edu/research-faculty/searlecenter/innovationeconomics/documents/Mazzeo_Zyontz_Ashtor_patents_at_issue.pdf.
- [6]Brian J.Love.An empirical study of patent litigation timing:Could a patent term reduction decimate trolls harming innovations[EB/OL].[2011-08-31].http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1543&context=facpubs.
- [7]Colleen V.Chien.Patent assertion entities[EB/OL].[2012-10-10].http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2187314.
- [8]Colleen V.Chien.Startups and patent trolls[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2146251.
- [9]John R.Allison,Mark A.Lemley,Joshua Walker.Patent quality and settlement among repeat patent litigants[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://016b916.netsolhost.com/blog/9-26-2013-2.pdf.
- [10]Chris Barrg,Landan Ansell,Ronen Arad.2013 Patent litigation study[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://www.pwc.com/en_us/us/forensic-services/publications/assets/2013-patent-litigation-study.pdf.
- [11]Miranda Jones.Permanent injunction,a remedy by any other name is patently not the same:how ebay v.mercexchange affects the patent right of non-practicing Entities[J].Geo.Mason L.Rev,2007(14):1035-1070.
- [12]Robin Cooper Feldman,Tom Ewing.The giants among us[EB/OL].[2012-07-01].http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1923449.
- [13]United States Government Accountability Office Report to Congressional Committees.Assessing factors that affect patent infringement litigation could help improve patent quality[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://www.gao.gov/assets/660/657103.pdf.
- [14]John L.Dauer Jr,Sarah Elizabeth Cleffi.Trends in injunctive relief in patent cases post-e Bay[EB/OL][2014-08-08].http://www.metrocorpcounsel.com/pdf/2007/February/16.pdf.
- [15]e Bay Inc.v.Merc Exchange,L.L.C,547 U.S.388(2006).[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://fr.wikipedia,org/wiki/EBay_Inc._v._Merc Exchange._L._L._C.
- [16]Leahy-smith america invents act,section 19.jurisdiction and procedural matters[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://www.bitlaw.com/source/America-Invents-Act/19.html.
- [17]Rule 11.signing pleadings,motions,and other papers;representations to the court;sanctions[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcp/rule_11.
- [18]Brandon Baum,Jonathan Helfgott.Attorneys’fees under section 285:A double standard in patent litigation[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://patentlawcenter.pli.edu/2010/07/16/attorneys-fees-under-section-285-a-double-standardin-patent-litigation.
- [19]Rep.Jeffries,Hakeem S.H.R.2635-patent litigation and innovation act of 2013[EB/OL].[2013-10-07].https://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2639/text.
- [20]Rep.Defazio,Peter A.H.R.845-saving high-tech innovators from egregious legal disputes act of 2013[EB/OL].[2013-02-27].http://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/845/text.
- [21]Ali A.Massadeh.The essential facilities doctrine under scrutiny:EU and US perspective[EB/OL].[2011-01-11].http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1738326.
- [22]Robin C.Fedelman.The insufficiency of antitrust analysis for patent misuse[J].The Hastings Law Journal,2003(55):399-450.
- [23]Gene Quinn.Patent misuse,exploring the basics[EB/OL].[2011-11-18].http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2011/11/18/patent-misuse-exploring-the-basics/id=20460.
- [24]Ilene Knable Gotts,Scott Sher.The particular antitrust concerns with patent acquisitions[EB/OL].[2014-08-08].http://www.wsgr.com/publications/PDFSearch/sher-august-12.pdf.
- [25]文希凯.“专利蟑螂”的反垄断法规制[J].知识产权,2014(6):3-9.
- [26]国家知识产权局.国家知识产权局专利业务工作及综合管理统计月报[EB/OL].[2013-06-17].http://www.sipo.gov.cn/ghfzs/zltj/tjyb/2013/201306/t20130617_803288.html.
- [27]易继明.遏制专利蟑螂——评美国专利新政及其对中国的启示[J].法律科学:西北政法大学学报,2014(2):174-183.
- [28]国家知识产权局.《中华人民共和国专利法》(2008年修订)[EB/OL].[2008-12-27].http://www.sipo.qov.cn/zcfg/flfg/zl/fljxzfg/200812/t20081230-435796.html.